Semi-Quantum Identification without Information Leakage

In 2019, Zhou et al. proposed semi-quantum identification (also known as authentication, SQA), which proceeds under a measure-resend and measurement-free environment. However, al.’s SQA protocol suffers from severe information leakages. An eavesdropper can obtain an intact authentication key without being detected this particular, is vulnerable to double CNOT attacks, while the man-in-the-middle attacks. Hence, study reveals security issues of proposes improved with guaranteed security. The immune Since photons sent back forth are identical, Eve cannot any by cross-comparing these photons. protocol, order transmitted because it was previously pre-shared decide withstand